General Facts Concerning Internal Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are scientifically defined as, "the blood vessel-filled tissue at the end of the anus and the rectum." If used in the popular sense of, "I have hemorrhoids," the term pertains to vein varicosities in the hemorrhoids, which is to say inflamed, entwined and/or enlarged veins in the tissue at the end of the rectum and the anus. Perianal hematoma, which is actually bruising caused by ruptured veins in the perianal tissue, may be mistaken for and misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids. The treatment for hemorrhoids is different when compared to the remedy for perianal hematoma. This article would deal with internal hemorrhoids.

There are two forms of hemorrhoids, internal and external. For our purposes, we will define internal hemorrhoids as, "varicosities (swollen, knotted and/or enlarged veins) in the hemorrhoid tissue in the rectum."

Hemorrhoid tissue in the rectum drains the area of the superior rectal arteries. The tissue in this specific region does not have pain receptors. Thus, internal hemorrhoids commonly go unnoticed unless irritated, at which time they may bleed. Sometimes different rectal issues are incorrectly identified as hemorrhoids. Conditions that may create hemorrhoid-like signs or symptoms are abscesses, anal irritation, itching or melanoma, fistulae, and fissures.

Internal hemorrhoids are not life threatening or dangerous. Minor hemorrhoid indications usually resolve in a number of days. Many individuals with hemorrhoids don't exhibit symptoms. For many, their first sign of hemorrhoids is blood on the stool, toilet paper or within the bowl. When a swollen internal hemorrhoid is forced outside the anus, generally during defecation, it's called a protruding hemorrhoid. With hemorrhoids, rubbing and wiping of the anus makes things worse. The irritation can lead to a series of signs and symptoms.

Without correct treatment internal hemorrhoids could worsen to prolapsed hemorrhoids or even strangulated hemorrhoids. A prolapsed hemorrhoid is a protruding internal hemorrhoid that's outside the anus even if the anus is closed. Note the progression: from an internal hemorrhoid to a protruding hemorrhoid and then into a prolapsed hemorrhoid.

The ultimate stage is a strangulated hemorrhoid. This happens when the sphincter, attempting to rid itself of the irritant of the prolapsed hemorrhoid, becomes spastic. The muscle spasm cuts off the blood supply to the veins inside the hemorrhoid, strangling it.

The Banov grading system is the most typical means of classifying hemorrhoids by severity. Under the Banov system, hemorrhoids are rated on a scale of one to four A grade 1 hemorrhoid does not protrude - that is, it is a true internal hemorrhoid. Grade two hemorrhoids protrude out of the anus when defecation is taking place, but spontaneously diminish with the elimination of muscle tension and withdraw to an interior position. Grade 3 hemorrhoids should be manually reduced (squeezed) as soon as defecation is complete to allow to withdraw within the anus. Grade 4 hemorrhoids need surgery as they're external to the body and can't be manually reduced.

Internal hemorrhoids can be caused by constant bowel problems, diarrhea, portal hypertension, obesity, poor muscular tone, poor stance and pregnancy. Too much consumption of alcohol and caffeine is thought to at least aggravate hemorrhoids.

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